Brassica oleracea
wild cabbage, (Wil) Kual, Atlantischer Wildkohl (DE), Cabbage (EN) · Brassicaceae · Brassica oleracea L., 1753
Also searched as: Brassica acephala, Brassica alba, Brassica alboglabra, Brassica arborea, Brassica bullata, Brassica campestris
Checked records
26
each tied to a source sentence
Papers
14
369 screened for this species
Skipped as ambiguous
508
sentences not read rather than guessed
Last scanned
16 Oct 2026
up to date
Literature coverage · 369 papers from 7 sources, 1977–2026
A paper found by several sources is counted under each. More independent sources mean fewer missed papers.
At a glance
Surface sterilization
70% ethanol · 30 s → 4% NaOCl · 15 min
1 paper
Callus induction
2,4-D 0.3 mg/L (1.36 µM)BAP 1 mg/L (4.44 µM)
MS
57% response · 1 paper
Somatic embryogenesis
TDZ 0.2 mg/L (0.91 µM)
1 paper
Shoot regeneration & multiplication
NAA 0.1 mg/L (0.54 µM)
MS
100% response · 2 papers
Rooting
NAA 0.1 mg/L (0.54 µM)
MS
100% response · 1 paper
Surface sterilization
1
Evidence C Top ranked 1 paper
- 70% ethanol for 30 s
- 4% NaOCl for 15 min
Aseptic cultures—
Materialanther
2
Evidence C Close competitor 1 paper
- 75% ethanol for 3 min
- 8% NaOCl for 8 min
Aseptic cultures—
Materialnot stated
3
Evidence C Close competitor 1 paper
- 70% ethanol for 40 s
- 3% NaOCl for 10 min
Aseptic cultures—
Materialnot stated
Callus induction
1
Evidence C Top ranked 1 paper
score 100
2,4-D 0.3 mg/L (1.36 µM)BAP 1 mg/L (4.44 µM)
Explantnot stated
Basal mediumMS
Carbon sourcenot stated
Response56.8%
Reported2025
2
Evidence C 1 paper
score 79
2,4-D 1.5 mg/L (6.79 µM)NAA 1 mg/L (5.37 µM)
Explantnot stated
Basal mediumMS
Carbon sourcenot stated
Reported2022
3
Evidence C 1 paper
score 48
2,4-D 4 mg/L (18.1 µM)
Explantnot stated
Basal mediumMS
Carbon sourcenot stated
Response10%
Reported2007
Somatic embryogenesis
1
Evidence C Top ranked 1 paper
score 100
TDZ 0.2 mg/L (0.91 µM)
Explantnot stated
Basal mediumnot stated
Carbon sourcenot stated
Reported2023
Shoot regeneration & multiplication
1
Evidence B Top ranked Corroborated · 2 papers
score 100
NAA 0.1 mg/L (0.54 µM)
Explantnot stated
Basal mediumMS
Carbon sourcenot stated
Response100%
Reported2015
2
Evidence C 1 paper
score 70
TDZ 0.22 mg/L (1 µM)
ExplantHypocotyl
Basal mediumMS
Carbon sourcenot stated
Response92.6%
Reported2017
3
Evidence C 1 paper
score 69
TDZ 0.33 mg/L (1.5 µM)
ExplantCotyledon
Basal mediumMS
Carbon sourcenot stated
Response91.1%
Shoots / explant3
Reported2017
4
Evidence C 1 paper
score 69
TDZ 0.99 mg/L (4.5 µM)NAA 0.02 mg/L (0.11 µM)
ExplantCotyledon
Basal mediumMS
Carbon sourcenot stated
Response84.4%
Shoots / explant2.6
Reported2017
5
Evidence C 1 paper
score 69
TDZ 0.88 mg/L (4 µM)NAA 0.02 mg/L (0.11 µM)
ExplantHypocotyl
Basal mediumMS
Carbon sourcenot stated
Response81.5%
Reported2017
6
Evidence C 1 paper
score 52
BAP 3 mg/L (13.32 µM)Kinetin 2 mg/L (9.29 µM)
Explantnot stated
Basal mediumMS
Carbon sourcenot stated
Reported2022
7
Evidence C 1 paper
score 50
TDZ 0.5 mg/L (2.27 µM)NAA 0.1 mg/L (0.54 µM)
ExplantCotyledon
Basal mediumnot stated
Carbon sourcenot stated
Response86.7%
Reported2014
8
Evidence C 1 paper
score 49
TDZ 0.1 mg/L (0.45 µM)NAA 0.1 mg/L (0.54 µM)
ExplantCotyledon
Basal mediumnot stated
Carbon sourcenot stated
Response76.7%
Reported2014
9
Evidence C 1 paper
score 45
BAP 1 mg/L (4.44 µM)NAA 0.2 mg/L (1.07 µM)
Explantnot stated
Basal mediumnot stated
Carbon sourcenot stated
Response23.5%
Reported2023
10
Evidence C 1 paper
score 43
BAP 2 mg/L (8.88 µM)NAA 0.1 mg/L (0.54 µM)
ExplantCotyledon
Basal mediumMS
Carbon sourcenot stated
Response56%
Reported2017
11
Evidence C 1 paper
score 42
NAA 0.5 mg/L (2.69 µM)2iP 2 mg/L (9.84 µM)
Explantnot stated
Basal mediumMS
Carbon sourcenot stated
Reported2025
12
Evidence C 1 paper
score 41
NAA 0.2 mg/L (1.07 µM)
Explantnot stated
Basal mediumnot stated
Carbon sourcenot stated
Response23.5%
Reported2023
13
Evidence C 1 paper
score 33
BAP 2 mg/L (8.88 µM)IAA 0.1 mg/L (0.57 µM)GA3 0.1 mg/L (0.29 µM)
ExplantMeristem
Basal mediumMS
Carbon sourcenot stated
Reported2017
14
Evidence C 1 paper
score 33
BAP 2 mg/L (8.88 µM)NAA 0.1 mg/L (0.54 µM)
ExplantMeristem
Basal mediumMS
Carbon sourcenot stated
Reported2017
Rooting
1
Evidence C Top ranked 1 paper
score 100
NAA 0.1 mg/L (0.54 µM)
Explantnot stated
Basal mediumMS
Carbon sourcenot stated
Response100%
Reported2017
2
Evidence C Close competitor 1 paper
score 88
NAA 0.2 mg/L (1.07 µM)
Explantnot stated
Basal mediumMS
Carbon sourcenot stated
Response94%
Reported2016
3
Evidence C Close competitor 1 paper
score 86
NAA 1 mg/L (5.37 µM)
Explantnot stated
Basal mediumMS
Carbon sourcenot stated
Reported2015
Analysis
Overall evidence
Limited
24 protocols graded
Grade A / B / C
0 / 1 / 23
A = 3+ papers agree · B = 2 papers · C = 1 paper
Verified records
26
10 from full text · 0 human-reviewed
Literature span
2007–2025
14 papers
Key findings
- Shoot regeneration & multiplication: MS with 0.1 mg/L NAA. Median response 100% (grade B, 2 papers).
- For shoot regeneration & multiplication, NAA is the most reported regulator (7 papers; typical 0.1–0.15 mg/L, median 0.1).
- For callus induction, 2,4-D is the most reported regulator (3 papers; typical 0.9–2.75 mg/L, median 1.5).
- For rooting, NAA is the most reported regulator (3 papers; typical 0.15–0.6 mg/L, median 0.2).
- 2 atypical doses flagged for a second look.
- No verified data yet for: acclimatization.
Recommended workflow
The best-supported protocol at each stage, in culture order. The grade says how strongly the literature backs it.
1
Surface sterilization Evidence C 1 paper
70% ethanol · 30 s → 4% NaOCl · 15 min
Reported by a single paper; treat as a lead to check, not an established protocol.
2
Callus induction Evidence C 1 paper
MS with 0.3 mg/L 2,4-D + 1 mg/L BAP. Median response 57%
Hormone balance: cytokinin-dominant (auxin : cytokinin ≈ 0.31 by µM)
Reported by a single paper; treat as a lead to check, not an established protocol.
3
Somatic embryogenesis Evidence C 1 paper
Medium not stated with 0.2 mg/L TDZ
Hormone balance: cytokinin only
Reported by a single paper; treat as a lead to check, not an established protocol.
4
Shoot regeneration & multiplication Evidence B 2 papers
MS with 0.1 mg/L NAA. Median response 100%
Hormone balance: auxin only
Two independent papers report this protocol.
5
Rooting Evidence C 1 paper
MS with 0.1 mg/L NAA. Median response 100%
Hormone balance: auxin only
Reported by a single paper; treat as a lead to check, not an established protocol.
Typical growth regulator doses
One value per paper. With three or more papers the range is the interquartile range (the middle half of reports); with fewer it is the full min–max.
| Regulator | Papers | Typical range (mg/L) | Median | Most common | Papers using it |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NAA auxin | 7 | 0.1 – 0.15 IQR | 0.1 | 0.1 (57%) | 88% |
| BAP cytokinin | 3 | 1.5 – 2.5 IQR | 2 | 1 (33%) | 38% |
| TDZ cytokinin | 2 | 0.3 – 0.605 min–max | 0.453 | 0.3 | 25% |
| 2iP cytokinin | 1 | 2 – 2 min–max | 2 | 2 | 13% |
| GA3 gibberellin | 1 | 0.1 – 0.1 min–max | 0.1 | 0.1 | 13% |
| IAA auxin | 1 | 0.1 – 0.1 min–max | 0.1 | 0.1 | 13% |
| Kinetin cytokinin | 1 | 2 – 2 min–max | 2 | 2 | 13% |
| Regulator | Papers | Typical range (mg/L) | Median | Most common | Papers using it |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,4-D auxin | 3 | 0.9 – 2.75 IQR | 1.5 | 4 (33%) | 100% |
| BAP cytokinin | 1 | 1 – 1 min–max | 1 | 1 | 33% |
| NAA auxin | 1 | 1 – 1 min–max | 1 | 1 | 33% |
| Regulator | Papers | Typical range (mg/L) | Median | Most common | Papers using it |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NAA auxin | 3 | 0.15 – 0.6 IQR | 0.2 | 1 (33%) | 100% |
| Regulator | Papers | Typical range (mg/L) | Median | Most common | Papers using it |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TDZ cytokinin | 1 | 0.2 – 0.2 min–max | 0.2 | 0.2 | 100% |
Points to double-check
Surface sterilization: close competitors
- 75% ethanol · 3 min → 8% NaOCl · 8 min (1 paper, score 99)
- 70% ethanol · 40 s → 3% NaOCl · 10 min (1 paper, score 99)
Rooting: close competitors
- MS with 0.2 mg/L NAA (1 paper, score 88)
- MS with 1 mg/L NAA (1 paper, score 86)
Atypical doses
Outside the usual spread for that regulator. Not removed: they may be genuine, but re-read the source.
- Shoot regeneration & multiplication: NAA at 0.02 mg/L (low; usual 0.1–0.15)
- Shoot regeneration & multiplication: NAA at 0.5 mg/L (high; usual 0.1–0.15)
No verified data yet for: acclimatization.
How to read this
- Summaries combine different papers. Media, explants, genotypes and culture conditions differ, so trends are associations, not controlled comparisons.
- Grades reflect how many independent papers agree, not how good the science is. Always read the cited sentence and its paper.
- Papers without open-access full text are read from abstracts only, so some protocols will be missing.
Growth regulator heatmap
Each cell is the median reported value for records that used that pair of doses (mg/L). Empty cells mean nothing has been reported, not that the combination fails.
lowhigh