Capsicum annuum
sweet pepper, Aichi, Aji de gallina, Ají · Solanaceae · Capsicum annuum L., 1753
Also searched as: Capsicum abyssinicum, Capsicum angulosum
Checked records
17
each tied to a source sentence
Papers
12
184 screened for this species
Skipped as ambiguous
207
sentences not read rather than guessed
Last scanned
17 Oct 2026
up to date
Literature coverage · 184 papers from 5 sources, 1988–2026
A paper found by several sources is counted under each. More independent sources mean fewer missed papers.
At a glance
Surface sterilization
1% NaOCl · 10 min
1 paper
Callus induction
BAP 1 mg/L (4.44 µM)IAA 0.1 mg/L (0.57 µM)
MS
1 paper
Shoot regeneration & multiplication
Zeatin 2 mg/L (9.12 µM)IAA 1 mg/L (5.71 µM)
cotyledon
92% response · 1 paper
Rooting
IAA 0.2 mg/L (1.14 µM)
MS
87% response · 1 paper
Acclimatization
Not specified
81% survival · 2 papers
Surface sterilization
1
Evidence C Top ranked 1 paper
- 1% NaOCl for 10 min
Aseptic cultures—
Materialnot stated
Callus induction
1
Evidence C Top ranked 1 paper
score 100
BAP 1 mg/L (4.44 µM)IAA 0.1 mg/L (0.57 µM)
Explantnot stated
Basal mediumMS
Carbon sourcenot stated
Reported2024
2
Evidence C Close competitor 1 paper
score 96
IAA 2 mg/L (11.42 µM)BAP 0.3 mg/L (1.33 µM)
Explantnot stated
Basal mediumMS
Carbon sourcenot stated
Response41.6%
Reported2025
Shoot regeneration & multiplication
1
Evidence C Top ranked 1 paper
score 100
Zeatin 2 mg/L (9.12 µM)IAA 1 mg/L (5.71 µM)
ExplantCotyledon
Basal mediumnot stated
Carbon sourcenot stated
Response92%
Reported1992
2
Evidence C 1 paper
score 83
BAP 8 mg/L (35.52 µM)NAA 0.5 mg/L (2.69 µM)
ExplantCotyledon
Basal mediumMS
Carbon sourcenot stated
Response70%
Time to response14–15 days
Reported2020
3
Evidence C 1 paper
score 77
BAP 8 mg/L (35.52 µM)NAA 0.02 mg/L (0.11 µM)IAA 1 mg/L (5.71 µM)
ExplantLeaf
Basal mediumMS
Carbon sourcenot stated
Reported2020
4
Evidence C 1 paper
score 75
BAP 3 mg/L (13.32 µM)Kinetin 2 mg/L (9.29 µM)
ExplantShoot tip
Basal mediumMS
Carbon sourcenot stated
Reported2015
5
Evidence C 1 paper
score 74
GA3 0.5 mg/L (1.44 µM)
ExplantCotyledon
Basal mediumnot stated
Carbon sourcenot stated
Reported2025
6
Evidence C 1 paper
score 72
BAP 2 mg/L (8.88 µM)IAA 0.5 mg/L (2.85 µM)
Explantnot stated
Basal mediumMS
Carbon sourcenot stated
Reported2014
7
Evidence C 1 paper
score 71
BAP 4 mg/L (17.76 µM)IAA 0.5 mg/L (2.85 µM)
Explantnot stated
Basal mediumMS
Carbon sourcenot stated
Reported2010
8
Evidence C 1 paper
score 70
BAP 5 mg/L (22.2 µM)IAA 1 mg/L (5.71 µM)
Explantnot stated
Basal mediumMS
Carbon sourcenot stated
Reported2007
Rooting
1
Evidence C Top ranked 1 paper
score 100
IAA 0.2 mg/L (1.14 µM)
Explantnot stated
Basal mediumMS
Carbon sourcenot stated
Response86.7%
Reported2024
2
Evidence C Close competitor 1 paper
score 86
IAA 0.2 mg/L (1.14 µM)
Explantnot stated
Basal mediumnot stated
Carbon sourcenot stated
Reported2024
3
Evidence C 1 paper
score 76
NAA 1 mg/L (5.37 µM)
Explantnot stated
Basal mediumnot stated
Carbon sourcenot stated
Response100%
Reported1999
4
Evidence C 1 paper
score 62
IBA 0.5 mg/L (2.46 µM)
Explantnot stated
Basal mediumMS
Carbon sourcenot stated
Reported2020
Acclimatization
1
Evidence B Top ranked Corroborated · 2 papers
SubstrateNot specified
Survival81.3% (77.5–85)
Analysis
Overall evidence
Limited
16 protocols graded
Grade A / B / C
0 / 1 / 15
A = 3+ papers agree · B = 2 papers · C = 1 paper
Verified records
17
3 from full text · 0 human-reviewed
Literature span
1992–2025
12 papers
Key findings
- For shoot regeneration & multiplication, BAP is the most reported regulator (5 papers; typical 3–5 mg/L, median 4).
- No verified data yet for: somatic embryogenesis.
Recommended workflow
The best-supported protocol at each stage, in culture order. The grade says how strongly the literature backs it.
1
Surface sterilization Evidence C 1 paper
1% NaOCl · 10 min
Reported by a single paper; treat as a lead to check, not an established protocol.
2
Callus induction Evidence C 1 paper
MS with 1 mg/L BAP + 0.1 mg/L IAA
Hormone balance: cytokinin-dominant (auxin : cytokinin ≈ 0.13 by µM)
Reported by a single paper; treat as a lead to check, not an established protocol.
3
Shoot regeneration & multiplication Evidence C 1 paper
Medium not stated with 2 mg/L Zeatin + 1 mg/L IAA, cotyledon explants. Median response 92%
Hormone balance: balanced (auxin : cytokinin ≈ 0.63 by µM)
Reported by a single paper; treat as a lead to check, not an established protocol.
4
Rooting Evidence C 1 paper
MS with 0.2 mg/L IAA. Median response 87%
Hormone balance: auxin only
Reported by a single paper; treat as a lead to check, not an established protocol.
5
Acclimatization Evidence B 2 papers
Not specified substrate; survival 81%
Two independent papers report this protocol.
Typical growth regulator doses
One value per paper. With three or more papers the range is the interquartile range (the middle half of reports); with fewer it is the full min–max.
| Regulator | Papers | Typical range (mg/L) | Median | Most common | Papers using it |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IAA auxin | 1 | 0.2 – 0.2 min–max | 0.2 | 0.2 | 33% |
| IBA auxin | 1 | 0.5 – 0.5 min–max | 0.5 | 0.5 | 33% |
| NAA auxin | 1 | 1 – 1 min–max | 1 | 1 | 33% |
| Regulator | Papers | Typical range (mg/L) | Median | Most common | Papers using it |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAP cytokinin | 5 | 3 – 5 IQR | 4 | 4 (20%) | 71% |
| IAA auxin | 5 | 0.5 – 1 IQR | 1 | 1 (60%) | 71% |
| GA3 gibberellin | 1 | 0.5 – 0.5 min–max | 0.5 | 0.5 | 14% |
| Kinetin cytokinin | 1 | 2 – 2 min–max | 2 | 2 | 14% |
| NAA auxin | 1 | 0.26 – 0.26 min–max | 0.26 | 0.26 | 14% |
| Zeatin cytokinin | 1 | 2 – 2 min–max | 2 | 2 | 14% |
| Regulator | Papers | Typical range (mg/L) | Median | Most common | Papers using it |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BAP cytokinin | 2 | 0.3 – 1 min–max | 0.65 | 0.3 | 100% |
| IAA auxin | 2 | 0.1 – 2 min–max | 1.05 | 2 | 100% |
Points to double-check
Callus induction: close competitors
- MS with 2 mg/L IAA + 0.3 mg/L BAP (1 paper, score 96)
Rooting: close competitors
- medium not stated with 0.2 mg/L IAA (1 paper, score 86)
No verified data yet for: somatic embryogenesis.
How to read this
- Summaries combine different papers. Media, explants, genotypes and culture conditions differ, so trends are associations, not controlled comparisons.
- Grades reflect how many independent papers agree, not how good the science is. Always read the cited sentence and its paper.
- Papers without open-access full text are read from abstracts only, so some protocols will be missing.
Growth regulator heatmap
Each cell is the median reported value for records that used that pair of doses (mg/L). Empty cells mean nothing has been reported, not that the combination fails.
lowhigh